SKQ1
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What Is SKQ1?
SkQ1 (plastoquinonyl-decyltriphenylphosphonium) is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that combines a lipophilic cation with plastoquinone to selectively accumulate in mitochondria and neutralize reactive oxygen species. It was developed by Professor Vladimir Skulachev and has been primarily studied for age-related conditions, particularly dry eye disease and corneal damage, with some evidence for broader anti-aging effects.
SKQ1 Research & Studies
01 Effects of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 on lifespan of rodents ▸
Study demonstrated that SkQ1 extended lifespan in various rodent models and reduced age-related alterations in multiple organ systems, supporting its potential as an anti-aging intervention.
View Study (PubMed)02 Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 reduces age-related alterations in the ultrastructure of the lacrimal gland ▸
SkQ1 treatment reduced age-related ultrastructural changes in lacrimal glands, suggesting protective effects against age-related dry eye disease at the cellular level.
View Study (PubMed)03 Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SKQ1 protects cornea from oxidative damage induced by ultraviolet irradiation and mechanical injury ▸
SkQ1 eye drops accelerated corneal healing approximately 2-fold in both UV-induced and mechanical injury models by reducing oxidative stress and preventing loss of keratocytes.
View Study (PubMed)04 Retinoprotective Effect of SkQ1, Visomitin Eye Drops, Is Associated with Suppression of P38 MAPK and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways Activity ▸
Visomitin eye drops containing SkQ1 demonstrated retinoprotective effects through suppression of stress-related MAPK signaling pathways, suggesting therapeutic potential for retinal conditions.
View Study (PubMed)SKQ1 User Reviews & Experiences
*Based on large scale analysis of publicly available user experiences
Users express significant interest in SkQ1's potential as an anti-aging compound and report positive experiences with Visomitin eye drops for dry eye conditions. While availability is limited and there's a lack of extensive anecdotal reports, those who have used it report noticeable improvements in eye health.
SKQ1 Benefits, Dosage & Side Effects
- Eye Health Improvement: Users report improvements in dry eye symptoms and overall eye comfort when using Visomitin eye drops
- Mitochondrial Protection: Research demonstrates selective targeting of mitochondria to neutralize reactive oxygen species and reduce oxidative damage
- Anti-Aging Potential: Studies show extension of lifespan in animal models and reduction of age-related changes across multiple organ systems
- Corneal Healing: Accelerates wound healing and reduces inflammation in corneal injuries from UV exposure or mechanical damage
- Clinical Evidence: Multiple clinical trials funded by the manufacturer showed improvements in dry eye syndrome symptoms
- Animal Studies: Demonstrated consistent benefits across various rodent models for lifespan extension and age-related conditions
- Eye Applications: Most robust evidence exists for ophthalmic applications, particularly for dry eye and corneal protection
- Limited Human Data: While approved for dry eye in some countries, broader anti-aging effects in humans require more research
- Eye Drops: Visomitin eye drops containing 5 μg/ml SkQ1 used as topical ophthalmic solution for dry eye treatment
- Research Concentrations: Studies used 7.5 μM SkQ1 for corneal protection in animal models
- Systemic Dosing: Animal longevity studies used various concentrations, but equivalent human oral doses are not well-established
- Application Frequency: For eye drops, users apply 1-2 drops several times daily as needed for dry eye symptoms
- Limited Reporting: Very few side effects reported in available clinical trials and user experiences
- Eye Irritation: Minimal reports of temporary irritation with eye drop formulation
- Unknown Long-term Effects: Long-term safety data in humans for systemic use is limited
- Generally Well-Tolerated: Most users report good tolerance with the ophthalmic formulation
- Limited Availability: Difficult to acquire in many countries, primarily available in Russia and select European markets
- Visomitin Brand: SkQ1 is marketed as Visomitin eye drops for dry eye treatment in approved regions
- Research Compound: Not widely available as a supplement for general anti-aging purposes outside of eye drop formulation
Related Compounds
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