Protocols

Tissue Repair & Recovery

Protocol Overview: Rapid Recovery Stack

Goal: Accelerate the healing of injuries and damaged tissues (muscles, tendons, ligaments, bone, and even gut lining) and reduce inflammation/pain, enabling faster recovery and improved rehabilitation outcomes.

Overview: This protocol leverages two of the most renowned healing peptides – BPC-157 and TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 fragment) – often used together for synergistic effects rupahealth.com. Supporting adjuncts like GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide) or KPV can be added for skin repair and anti-inflammatory benefits. The approach is typically a 6-8 week cycleof daily BPC-157 and weekly TB-500, which can be repeated after a rest period. Administration is primarily subcutaneous (SQ) injections near injury sites for localized impact, though oral forms exist for specific uses (e.g. gut healing). By promoting angiogenesis, collagen synthesis, and stem cell recruitment, these peptides aim to markedly speed up tissue regeneration.

Peptide Recommendations and Dosing:

BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157):
Dosage: ~250 µg twice daily, injected SQ. For systemic injuries, injections can be subcutaneous in the abdomen; for a local injury, inject near the affected area (within ~2 inches). Oral capsules (500 µg 1–2× daily) are an alternative for gut or general use, though injection yields more direct tissue delivery rupahealth.com.
Duration: 4 to 8 weeks continuous use, then pause 4+ weeks.
Benefits: Boosts repair of muscle, tendon, ligament, and even nerve tissue. Shown to increase fibroblast activity, collagen deposition, and new blood vessel formation at injury sites, thereby accelerating wound healing and strengthening injured structures rupahealth.com. Also has protective effects in the GI tract (helps ulcers, intestinal healing) and reduces inflammation.
Administration: Best via SQ injection; split into two daily doses (e.g. morning and evening) for steady coverage. Note: Start with lower dose (e.g. 200 µg) to gauge response, and use sterile technique for injections.
TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 fragment):
Dosage: 10 mg per week during the initial “loading” phase, typically divided into two injections of 5 mg (e.g. Monday and Thursday) hubmeded.com. After 4–6 weeks, taper to a maintenance dose of ~5 mg per week or discontinue for a break.
Duration: 4–6 weeks intensive therapy, followed by optional maintenance (2–5 mg/week) for another 4–6 weeks if needed.
Benefits: TB-500 is a synthetic version of the regenerative thymosin β4 protein. It promotes cell migration and progenitor cell differentiation, aiding the formation of new blood vessels and tissue fibers rupahealth.com. This leads to faster healing of muscle tears, tendon/ligament injuries, and even skin wounds. Users report improved flexibility and reduced scar tissue with TB-500, aligning with its known effects on actin regulation and tissue remodeling.
Administration: Injected SQ or intramuscularly. Many protocols advise injecting in a systemic fashion (e.g. abdominal SQ) due to TB-500’s ability to circulate and “find” injured tissues. Rotate injection sites to avoid irritation.
GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide) – optional adjunct:
Dosage: 1–2 mg daily (or 5 mg 2–3× weekly) by SQ injection. Alternatively, apply as a 2% topical serum for skin-focused healing.
Duration: 4 weeks on, 2+ weeks off, or use during injury recovery phase.
Benefits: GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring tripeptide that complexes with copper, activating a variety of repair pathways. It accelerates wound healing and improves tissue remodeling, evidenced by increased collagen production, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory effects pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov mdpi.com. Topically, it’s renowned for skin repair (improving healing of cuts, reducing wrinkles/scars). Systemically, some inject it to aid recovery from orthopedic injuries or even to support blood vessel health.
Administration: If injecting, do so SQ (abdomen or thigh). For skin injuries or cosmetic use, apply in a cream to the affected area daily.
KPV (Alpha-MSH fragment) – optional adjunct for inflammation:
Dosage: 200–500 µg daily, either oral or SQ.
Benefits: KPV is a small peptide with potent anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties, often used for conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, eczema/psoriasis, or general systemic inflammation. It can help calm the inflammatory aspect of injuries, swelling, and pain, complementing BPC-157’s healing. Users with gut issues or mast cell activation often add KPV to reduce cytokine release and promote healing of intestinal lining.
Administration: Oral capsules for gut-targeted effects or SQ injection for systemic effect.

Protocol Usage Notes: Begin BPC-157 and TB-500 simultaneously at the start of the protocol for acute injuries. Many users notice reduced pain and improved range of motion within 2–3 weeks of consistent use. Ensure adequate protein and nutrient intake to supply the raw materials for tissue repair that these peptides facilitate. It’s also advisable to continue physical therapy or gentle rehab exercises; the peptides will expedite progress but functional recovery still requires movement and strengthening. Watch for any unusual reactions (e.g. increased pain – rare, but if so, pause use). After the cycle, evaluate healing – many find that a single 6-week cycle is sufficient for mild to moderate injuries, whereas chronic injuries may require a second cycle after a rest period.

Scientific Evidence & User Insights

Evidence Base: BPC-157 and Thymosin β4 (TB-500) are among the most studied regenerative peptides in preclinical research. BPC-157 in particular has demonstrated broad healing properties in rodent models – enhancing the healing of tendons, ligaments, muscle, bone, and even intestinal ulcers pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. It works by upregulating growth factors, fibroblasts, and blood vessel formation at damage sites rupahealth.com rupahealth.com. For example, one review notes “all studies investigating BPC-157 have demonstrated consistently positive and prompt healing effects for various injury types”, though confirmation in human trials is still pending pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. TB-500 (Thymosin β4’s active fragment) likewise has strong regenerative actions: it promotes angiogenesis and stem cell recruitment, and was shown to accelerate wound closure and tissue repair in multiple animal studies rupahealth.com. Clinical interest in thymosin β4 led to trials in corneal injury and heart attack patients, reflecting its role in repairing ocular tissues and cardiac muscle. Together, BPC-157 and TB-500 address healing via complementary pathways – BPC-157 focuses on local repair signals (e.g. collagen organization rupahealth.com, nitric oxide modulation, etc.), while TB-500 provides a systemic boost in regeneration and cell migration. This synergy is highlighted in peptide therapy literature: “These peptides are often combined for their synergistic effects, particularly in addressing connective tissue and joint injuries.” rupahealth.com. Notably, no major adverse effects have been reported in animal studies or the limited human use; a comprehensive review reported few if any adverse reactions to BPC-157 administration pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

User Feedback: Across athlete forums, physical therapy communities, and Reddit (e.g. r/Peptides, r/Biohackers), there is abundant anecdotal evidence of improved recovery using BPC-157/TB-500. Users frequently share stories of chronic injuries healing faster than expected. For instance, one Reddit user with a rotator cuff tear took oral BPC-157 for 6 weeks and reported their night pain dropped from “9/10 to 2/10” with greatly improved function reddit.com. Others have described “daily pain in knees disappearing” or significantly quicker rehab from tendonitis when using the BPC+TB stack. Another common theme is enhanced healing of orthopedic surgeries – patients who added these peptides post-surgery often note less stiffness and quicker return to activity than their surgeons anticipated. While these are self-reported outcomes, the consistency of positive feedback, often from experienced trainers or biohackers, adds credence to the protocol’s effectiveness.

Interactions & Cautions: The peptides in this stack are generally synergistic and not known to negatively interfere with each other. BPC-157 and TB-500 have even been shown to work along different molecular pathways, which is why combining them yields additive benefits rupahealth.com. One should exercise caution in a few scenarios: If a user has active cancer or a history of malignancy, use of growth-promoting peptides is discouraged, since peptides like BPC-157 stimulate angiogenesis (new blood vessels) which theoretically could feed tumors. However, no direct cancer promotion has been observed in studies to date – it remains a theoretical risk given the mechanism rupahealth.com. Another consideration is that because these peptides enhance healing, they can mask pain or injury severity – users must avoid pushing themselves too hard (e.g. returning to intense exercise too soon). It’s advisable to continue to follow medical guidance on rehab timelines. Contraindications are few; anecdotally some individuals experience headaches or light nausea from BPC-157, or lethargy from TB-500, but these side effects are mild and transient if they occur at allhubmeded.com hubmeded.com. If using GHK-Cu, be aware that high doses can cause temporary flushing or a metallic taste. Finally, sourcing quality peptides is crucial – the market has many research-grade suppliers; one should ensure purity and sterility to avoid infections or impurities.

Optimization: To maximize results, users often stack other recovery modalities alongside peptides. Examples include red light therapy, hyperbaric oxygen, or specific supplements (collagen, Vitamin C, etc.) that support tissue building. These can complement the peptide protocol. Some also combine a growth hormone secretagogue (like Ipamorelin) during injury recovery for its systemic anabolic support – GH can aid tissue regeneration and is sometimes prescribed clinically for severe injuries. One must note that adding GH or its secretagogues may increase blood sugar and should be done carefully; still, in moderation, it can further enhance muscle and collagen synthesis, as noted in peptide guides rupahealth.com. In summary, the Tissue Repair & Recovery peptide protocol is grounded in solid healing biology and buoyed by a large volume of successful user experiences. When implemented responsibly, it offers a cutting-edge means to heal faster, reduce pain, and get back to full function sooner than traditional modalities alone could achieve pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

Hormonal Balance & Body Composition

Protocol Overview: Hormone Optimization Stack

Goal: Restore and optimize the body’s hormonal milieu for improved vitality, metabolism, and body composition. This includes boosting growth hormone and IGF-1 levels naturally, supporting healthy testosterone/estrogen balance, and improving metabolic signals to favor lean muscle gain and fat loss.

Overview: This protocol uses peptide therapy to gently nudge the endocrine system rather than override it. The core is a Growth Hormone (GH) boosting combo: a GHRH analog (CJC-1295 w/o DAC or Modified GRF 1-29) plus a GHRP (Ipamorelin). This dual approach is well-established – the GHRH analog increases pituitary GH output, and Ipamorelin triggers GH release with high specificity (without raising cortisol or prolactin)rupahealth.com rupahealth.com. Together, they mimic the body’s natural GH pulses, leading to enhanced fat metabolism, improved recovery, and mild anabolic effects. For sex hormone support, the protocol includes Kisspeptin-10, a peptide that stimulates GnRH release in the hypothalamus, thereby signaling the production of LH and FSH – the hormones that drive testosterone and estrogen production. Kisspeptin can be especially useful post-cycle (for athletes coming off anabolic use) or in individuals with low libido or suboptimal gonadal function. The protocol may also incorporate Tesamorelin, a specialized GHRH analog used at higher doses for targeted fat loss (notably visceral fat reduction in the abdominal area), if visceral fat is a concern. Overall, this stack aims for a balanced hormonal uplift: improved GH/IGF, a nudge to sex hormones, and resultant better body composition (increased muscle tone, reduced fat, more energy).

Peptide Recommendations and Dosing:

CJC-1295 (Modified GRF 1-29) + Ipamorelin (Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide):
Dosage: Often combined in the same vial, a common dose is CJC 1295 100 µg + Ipamorelin 100 µg, taken once or twice daily. For anti-aging/general hormonal support, once at night (before bed) may suffice; for more robust effects on body composition, twice daily (morning and bedtime) is used.
Duration: 3–6 months is typical for noticeable body composition changes, with some protocols advising a break after 6 months (e.g. 1 month off) to resensitize receptors.
Administration: Subcutaneous injection, usually into abdominal fat.
Benefits: This combo safely elevates Growth Hormone levels, which in turn increases IGF-1. Users can expect improved muscle recovery and growth, enhanced fat breakdown, better sleep quality, and sometimes subtle skin/hair benefits due to GH’s systemic effects. Unlike exogenous HGH, these peptides stimulate physiological GH pulses, so they’re gentler – ipamorelin notably avoids spiking cortisol or appetite (unlike older GHRPs) rupahealth.com. Many individuals report gradual decreases in body fat percentage and slight increases in lean mass and strength over a few months. Notes: For optimal results, inject on an empty stomach (food blunts GH release). Bedtime dose leverages natural GH rhythm. Some minor water retention or tingling may occur initially (from increased IGF-1) – usually transient.
Kisspeptin-10:
Dosage: 100–200 µg subcutaneous, 2–3 times per week (e.g. Monday/Friday). Because Kisspeptin can acutely stimulate LH release, some protocols use it every other day, but twice weekly is a conservative starting point to assess response.
Duration: 8–12 weeks on, then evaluate hormone levels or symptoms. It can be cycled as needed (especially if used for post-cycle therapy or fertility support).
Benefits: Kisspeptin-10 effectively signals the reproductive axis to increase gonadotropins. In practical terms, this can lead to a natural rise in testosterone in men (and support ovulation and progesterone in women). Users often report improved libido, mood, and even testicular volume in men after a few weeks. It may also support sperm quality in subfertile men (being researched for that use). Compared to hCG or clomiphene (traditional therapies to raise T), kisspeptin is a direct upstream stimulator without risk of desensitizing Leydig cells. It helps “balance” hormones by nudging the body’s own production, potentially useful for those with age-related decline or recovering from suppression. Administration:SubQ injection (can be given in abdomen or thigh). Best done in the evening, as GnRH (which kisspeptin triggers) naturally pulses at night.
Note: Some users may feel a brief flush or headache after injection (due to a burst of GnRH/LH); if persistent, dose can be lowered.
Tesamorelin (GHRH analog) – optional specialized add-on:
Dosage: 1–2 mg subcutaneous daily, typically taken in the morning. (1 mg is a standard dose approved for visceral fat reduction in HIV lipodystrophy).
Duration: 3 months on, then 1 month off, or per healthcare provider’s plan.
Benefits: Tesamorelin is a particularly potent GHRH analogue that has been FDA-approved to reduce abdominal fat. It increases GH and IGF-1 significantly, leading to decreased visceral adiposity (belly fat around organs) and modest gains in muscle mass. In clinical studies, patients saw marked reductions in waist circumference and liver fat. For biohackers aiming to improve body composition, Tesamorelin can be a powerful tool – often considered if stubborn visceral fat or metabolic syndrome is an issue. It can be used in place of the CJC-1295 in the above combo (but not concurrently with CJC, as they are redundant both being GHRH analogs).
Administration: Daily SQ injection (usually abdominal). Notes:Tesamorelin’s strong GH boost can sometimes cause numbness/tingling (carpal tunnel-like symptoms) or increased hunger; these sides should be monitored. Because it meaningfully raises IGF-1, users should track their IGF-1 levels and blood sugar periodically.
AOD-9604 – optional add-on for fat loss:
Dosage: 300 µg daily, injected SQ. AOD-9604 is a fragment of the GH molecule specifically modified for fat-burning without affecting blood sugar.
Benefits: It enhances lipolysis (fat breakdown) and inhibits lipogenesis (formation of new fat), mainly helpful for accelerating loss of subcutaneous fat when combined with exercise and diet. It doesn’t raise GH/IGF levels overall, so it can be added to this stack for extra fat loss push. It’s well-tolerated with very few side effects (since it mimics a natural portion of GH).
Use Case: If a user’s primary aim is fat reduction and they are already on the GH peptides, AOD-9604 can provide an additional edge in shedding weight, as evidenced by some fitness community reports of slightly faster fat loss in stubborn areas.

Protocol Usage Notes: Administer the GH-related peptides (CJC/Ipamorelin or Tesamorelin) on an empty stomach and avoid eating for ~30 minutes after injection to maximize GH pulse. Many prefer nighttime dosing for convenience and potential added sleep benefits (GH improves sleep architecture). However, morning dosing of GH peptides can be useful too, especially if doing fasted cardio for fat loss (the GH release can increase fat utilization during exercise). Kisspeptin can be started at a low dose (e.g. 10 µg) to see how one reacts – some find it strongly increases sexual desire or causes brief dizziness, which usually subsides quickly. It’s wise to check baseline hormone labs (IGF-1, testosterone, etc.) before starting, and again after 2–3 months, to objectively gauge the protocol’s impact. Because these peptides modulate hormones, consistency is key; irregular use yields less benefit. On-cycle, users should pay attention to signs of excess GH (joint stiffness, slight edema – indicating dose might be high) or excess testosterone (acne, irritability – usually not an issue as increases are moderate). Adjust doses accordingly.

Scientific Evidence & User Insights :

Evidence Base: Peptide therapy for hormone optimization is backed by a mix of clinical research and decades of use in anti-aging medicine. Growth hormone secretagogues (GHS) like CJC-1295, Ipamorelin, and Tesamorelin have robust evidence for safely elevating GH/IGF-1 levels. Ipamorelin, for example, was shown to be a highly selective GH releaser without significantly affecting cortisol or other hormones rupahealth.com. This specificity addresses earlier issues seen with older peptides (like GHRP-6) that often raised stress hormones or hunger. Clinical studies on Tesamorelin in HIV patients demonstrated significant visceral fat loss and improved metabolic profiles over 6-month treatments relivehealth.com. Those findings have since been extrapolated to non-HIV obesity management. Raising endogenous GH via these peptides has been associated with increased lean body mass, reduced fat mass, and improved exercise capacity in multiple studies pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (the latter citation referring to semaglutide’s weight loss, but GH peptides also show 5-10% fat mass reductions in some trials).

For Kisspeptin-10, research is emerging. It has been used in clinical trials for fertility – a study in men showed that kisspeptin administration significantly increased LH and testosterone levels compared to placebo webmd.com. In women, kisspeptin has successfully triggered egg maturation in IVF settings. These highlight its role as a master regulator of the reproductive hormone axis. Importantly, unlike hCG (which mimics LH directly), kisspeptin preserves the normal pulsatile release of GnRH, potentially a more natural stimulation. As a result, hormone specialists consider kisspeptin a promising therapy for hypogonadism or even certain cases of PCOS where signaling is off.

Real-World Outcomes: Users who follow this hormonal peptide protocol often describe it as a “light HRT (hormone replacement therapy) without actual hormones.” Over 3–6 months, commonly reported outcomes include: decreased body fat percentage, a modest increase in muscle fullness and strength, improved skin elasticity, better recovery from workouts, and enhanced libido and mood. For instance, many middle-aged individuals on CJC/Ipamorelin note that their recovery and gym performance feel reminiscent of younger years – anecdotally corroborating the expected rise in IGF-1 (often by 30-50%). On forums like r/Hormones or longevity boards, users detail improvements in morning stiffness, energy levels, and sleep quality (likely due to GH’s effects). Kisspeptin’s user feedback is less widespread but early adopters have shared positive experiences such as “noticeable testosterone boost without the downsides of Clomid – felt more motivated and amorous”, and women have reported more regular menstrual cycles when using kisspeptin under medical guidance.

Synergies and Interactions: The protocol is designed so that components work in concert. CJC-1295 + Ipamorelin are famously synergistic – one provides a longer stimulation of GH-release (CJC analog) while the other gives a quick spike; this often yields a larger GH pulse than either alone rupahealth.com. Combining a GH secretagogue with Tesamorelin is usually unnecessary or done with caution, as Tesamorelin itself is a potent GHRH analog (using both could excessively raise IGF-1; if done, one would use smaller doses of each). Instead, Tesamorelin is often an alternative “upgrade” for those focusing on fat loss. Kisspeptin-10 stacks well with GH peptides because it addresses a different axis (hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis) – there’s no direct conflict. In fact, improving GH and sex hormones together often yields better overall body composition (GH supports protein synthesis and fat use, while testosterone builds muscle and aids fat loss). There are no major contraindications among these peptides when used at physiologic dosages; however, it’s worth noting that significantly raising IGF-1 (via high-dose GH secretagogues or Tesamorelin) can reduce insulin sensitivity in some individuals. Monitoring fasting glucose is wise if using these intensely. Also, those with untreated thyroid issues should address that, as GH and sex hormones interplay with thyroid hormone in metabolism – some users find they need to optimize thyroid hormone as well for maximum benefit, though peptides themselves do not directly boost thyroid.

Safety Considerations: By stimulating the body’s own hormone production, these peptides generally maintain hormone levels in a healthy range rather than pushing them supraphysiologic. This confers a good safety profile. For example, long-term Ipamorelin studies show minimal side effects beyond occasional transient flushing or mild headache. Tesamorelin’s FDA-approved studies reported injection site reactions and small increases in blood sugar in some patients (likely from GH effects on glucose) businessinsider.com. Thus, diabetics or pre-diabetics should use GH peptides carefully, with medical supervision. The increases in IGF-1 remain within upper-normal ranges for most individuals, but patients with a history of cancer should consult a doctor, as IGF-1 can theoretically promote growth of existing tumors. Kisspeptin-10’s safety data is still being gathered; short-term trials show it’s well tolerated, though extremely high doses could desensitize GnRH receptors (hence the low, spaced dosing in our protocol).

Finally, user tips for quality of life: Some people initially experience increased vivid dreams or slightly disturbed sleep when starting GH peptides (due to hormonal adjustments) – if that occurs, shifting the dose to earlier in the evening or reducing frequency can help. Maintaining a consistent exercise regimen and protein-rich diet will amplify the body composition improvements; these peptides are facilitators, not magic on their own. By combining evidence-based endocrine stimulation with healthy lifestyle, this protocol can markedly improve muscle-to-fat ratio and reinvigorate one’s hormonal balance, all while avoiding exogenous hormones and their larger side effect profiles relivehealth.com businessinsider.com.

Fat Loss & Muscle Gain

Protocol Overview: Recomposition Stack

Goal: Achieve significant body recomposition – accelerated fat loss while increasing lean muscle mass. This dual goal is often pursued by athletes and fitness enthusiasts (“cutting” fat while “bulking” muscle simultaneously), and peptides can provide targeted biological leverage to support it.

Overview: This protocol combines peptides that specifically target adipose (fat) tissue reduction with those that enhance muscle hypertrophy and recovery. On the fat loss side, a clinically proven peptide hormone class – GLP-1 receptor agonists – is recommended for its potent appetite suppression and metabolic benefits. Semaglutide (Wegovy/Ozempic), a once-weekly injectable GLP-1 analog, is highlighted due to its remarkable efficacy in reducing body weight ~15% over 1–2 years pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. For quicker cycles or those who prefer shorter-acting options, liraglutide (daily GLP-1) or the fragment peptide AOD-9604 can be used. On the muscle gain side, IGF-1 LR3 (a long-acting IGF-1 analog) is included for directly promoting muscle protein synthesis and satellite cell activation, leading to muscle growth and repair. Additionally, an experimental myostatin-inhibiting peptide such as Follistatin-344 can be considered to unlock muscle growth by reducing the body’s brake on muscle development. Rounding out the stack, some users also continue a GH secretagogue (from the previous protocol) here, since GH supports both fat burning and muscle preservation – for example, CJC-1295/Ipamorelin can synergize with IGF-1 (GH raises IGF-1 in the body, complementing the direct IGF-1 LR3 injections). The net effect aimed is a significant caloric deficit (via appetite suppression and increased metabolic rate) with a muscle-building signal, so the weight lost is mostly fat and any caloric surplus goes preferentially to muscle.

Peptide Recommendations and Dosing:

Semaglutide (GLP-1 Analog):
Dosage: Titrated from 0.25 mg weekly up to 2.4 mg weekly (the max dose for weight management). Typically, one starts at 0.25 mg for 4 weeks, then 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, etc., increasing every 4 weeks until effective or max dose.
Administration: Subcutaneous injection, once a week (e.g. every Monday).
Benefits: Semaglutide is a powerful peptide that mimics the GLP-1 incretin hormone. It drastically reduces appetite and cravings, prolongs satiety after meals, and improves insulin sensitivity. Clinical trials show over 80% of patients on semaglutide lose at least 5% of body weight, and around half lose >15% in 68 weeks pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Real-world, people often see steady weekly weight drops when combined with diet. By curbing caloric intake effortlessly, it creates the deficit needed for fat loss. Notes: Common side effects are nausea, fullness, and GI upset especially during dose escalation. To mitigate this, increases are done slowly. Users should adhere to a balanced, lower-fat diet (fatty meals can worsen nausea). Hydration and small frequent meals can help early on. Semaglutide is a longer-term component – ideally use for 3–6 months to achieve significant fat reduction. It’s important to maintain protein intake and resistance training on GLP-1 to minimize any muscle loss (since rapid weight loss can include some lean mass if one isn’t careful) businessinsider.com.
IGF-1 LR3 (Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Long R3):
Dosage: 20–50 µg daily, injected intramuscularly (IM) or subcutaneously. Often cycled 4 weeks on, 4 weeks off to avoid IGF-1 desensitization.
Administration: Many users inject IM post-workout into muscles trained (the idea is to saturate receptors in that area), though SQ abdominal works systemically as well.
Benefits: IGF-1 is the primary muscle-building mediator of GH. The LR3 variant has a prolonged half-life (~20-30 hours) and less binding to IGF-binding proteins, making it more potent per microgram. IGF-1 directly stimulates muscle protein synthesis, differentiation of stem cells into new muscle fibers, and growth of existing fibers. Athletes use it to enhance muscle size and recovery. Expect increased muscle fullness (“pump”), quicker recovery between workouts, and potential strength gains. There’s also evidence IGF-1 helps reduce body fat by upregulating metabolism, though its key role here is anabolism.
Notes: It’s crucial to monitor for any hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), as IGF-1 can increase insulin-like activity in high doses; users should eat carbs around workouts accordingly. Start at the lower end (20 µg) to gauge response. Some inject bilaterally into major muscles (e.g. 10 µg in each bicep after training arms). Overuse can lead to IGF-1 resistance, hence cycling it.
Follistatin (344 or 315) – optional muscle maximizer:
Dosage: This is an experimental area – a common approach is 100 µg every other day for 10–14 days (short intense cycle), given intramuscularly into different muscles.
Benefits: Follistatin is a myostatin-binding protein; myostatin is a hormone that limits muscle growth. By inhibiting myostatin, follistatin can unleash muscle cell proliferation. Animal studies showed muscle mass increases when follistatin is overexpressed skeletal muscle journal.biomedcentral.com journals.physiology.org. Some bodybuilders have tried follistatin peptides or gene therapy and reported accelerated muscle gains, though data is mixed. It may also aid fat loss indirectly as muscle growth ramps up metabolism.
Caution: Follistatin is very experimental for healthy users – dosing and long-term effects aren’t well established. There is a theoretical risk of over-inhibiting myostatin leading to organomegaly or tendon stress (since muscles grow rapidly). For this reason, we list it as optional and urge caution/medical supervision if attempted.
AOD-9604 or Liraglutide – optional fat-loss boosters: If semaglutide is not accessible or preferred, alternatives:Liraglutide (another GLP-1, dosed daily at 0.6→3.0 mg) which has similar effects but daily injections; or AOD-9604 (the GH fragment, dosed ~300 µg daily) for a milder, non-appetite-based fat-burning effect. These can be swapped in as needed. AOD-9604 may be layered on with semaglutide as well, as it works directly on fat cells and doesn’t have notable side effects.

Protocol Usage Notes: The fat loss component (GLP-1 analog) should be initiated and titrated up gradually to mitigate side effects. It essentially “forces” compliance to a diet by reducing hunger, but users should consciously eat a high-protein diet to support muscle (since one could undereat protein due to reduced appetite). Regular resistance training is mandatory in this protocol – it signals the body to use those calories and the IGF-1 for muscle building rather than losing muscle. Ideally, training at least 3–4x a week, hitting all major muscle groups. The muscle gain peptides (IGF-1, etc.) are often timed around workouts: for example, inject IGF-1 LR3 post-workout for maximal uptake by muscles, given its long action it will work through the next day. Ensure to rotate injection sites for IGF-1 if doing IM. Follistatin, if used, might cause some muscle soreness or temporary strength spike; closely monitor performance and any discomfort. Due to the potent nature of this stack, it’s advisable to track progress (body weight, body fat % if possible via calipers or DEXA, and circumference measurements). Many will see rapid changes – e.g. 1–2 lbs fat loss per week while adding a bit of muscle, which should reflect in how clothes fit and gym numbers improve. Adjust diet accordingly: if losing weight too fast (>2 lbs/week), increase calories slightly to protect muscle; if not seeing any fat loss, check diet adherence or adjust semaglutide dose.

Scientific Evidence & User Insights (Page 2):

Evidence Base: The combination of GLP-1 agonists for weight loss and IGF-1 for muscle gain is rooted in solid science from separate domains, now being married for recomposition. Semaglutide (GLP-1 RA) has revolutionized obesity treatment. In large clinical trials (the STEP program), weekly semaglutide led to average weight losses of ~15% of initial body weight over 68 weeks pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, and about a third of patients lost 20% or more – approaching results usually only seen with bariatric surgery. This weight loss is primarily fat mass. However, some loss of lean mass (~25% of the weight lost) has been observed businessinsider.com, which is why our protocol places heavy emphasis on concurrent resistance training and muscle-supportive peptides to counteract that. The GLP-1 mechanism (appetite/caloric intake reduction) is very effective, and studies also show improvements in blood sugar, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers with this class. Real-world evidence from millions of prescriptions further validates its efficacy, though also highlights side effects like nausea and the issue of weight regain if the medication is stopped abruptly businessinsider.com. Our protocol anticipates that by making lifestyle changes alongside and, if desired, a taper at discontinuation, we mitigate regain risk.

Turning to IGF-1 and muscle anabolism: it’s well-documented that IGF-1 is a key driver of muscle growth. Research in the 1990s and 2000s (including gene therapy experiments) showed that raising IGF-1 in muscle can induce hypertrophy and strength increases even without additional load, and synergistically enhances gains from exercise. IGF-1 LR3 specifically is widely used in animal research for growth promotion due to its extended action. While formal human trials of IGF-1 LR3 in healthy individuals are lacking (for ethical reasons), we have analogies: patients with muscle-wasting diseases receiving IGF-1 have shown improved nitrogen balance and muscle protein synthesis. Additionally, anecdotal evidence from athletes who used IGF-1 LR3 report noticeable muscle fullness and improved recovery, aligning with its intended effect. Follistatin’s evidence in humans is even more sparse; it primarily comes from animal studies (e.g. mice massively increasing muscle mass when follistatin is overexpressed). One human trial using a myostatin-blocking antibody (not exactly follistatin, but similar concept) in muscular dystrophy showed some muscle growth but not dramatic functional improvements – indicating that simply removing myostatin constraints adds muscle, though functional strength still requires training.

User Experience & Community Trends: Among bodybuilding and biohacking communities, stacking a fat-loss peptide with a muscle peptide is a logical approach that has gained popularity. Historically, people would use anabolic steroids for muscle and stimulant fat-burners for fat – now peptides offer a possibly safer, more specific toolkit. Users on forums like r/Peptides or professional athlete circles have shared logs: for example, one user on a cutting phase added semaglutide and reported “effortless appetite control, the fat is melting off, and with IGF-1 LR3 my lifts are actually going up during a cut”. This scenario – gaining strength or muscle while losing fat – is considered the “holy grail” of fitness, and while difficult to achieve, a combination like this makes it more attainable, especially for those above their ideal body fat. Many report that semaglutide (or liraglutide) makes dieting far less painful, but emphasize the importance of consciously eating enough protein (since hunger cues are blunted). Meanwhile, IGF-1 LR3’s user reports often note increased pump and muscle roundness after a couple weeks, some even see small lean mass increases on DEXA scans during calorie deficits. There are also logs of AOD-9604, though its effects are subtler – some notice a slight acceleration in fat loss but it’s not as dramatic as GLP-1 analogs.

Important Interactions & Cautions: Combining these powerful peptides requires some mindful management. Semaglutide and IGF-1 LR3 operate via different pathways and do not inherently conflict – one is metabolic, one is growth-factor. In fact, they complement each other for recomposition. But one area to watch is blood sugar: GLP-1 agonists improve insulin secretion and sensitivity, while IGF-1 can lower blood glucose (insulin-like effect). Together, there is a risk of hypoglycemia if someone is on additional blood sugar-lowering agents or not eating enough. Users should monitor blood glucose especially when starting IGF-1, and ensure they consume carbs around workouts. If dizziness or excessive fatigue occur, adjust accordingly. Muscle gain vs. fat loss signals: The body can sometimes prioritize one over the other. We mitigate this by maintaining training intensity (to signal muscle growth) and using peptides that cover both bases. Still, individuals should set realistic expectations – this stack will help do both, but nutrition and training ultimately drive the magnitude.

Safety: Semaglutide’s safety profile is well characterized: aside from GI side effects, one must consider the weight loss must be intentional and monitored. Rapid weight loss can lead to gallstones; indeed GLP-1 drugs carry a warning for possible gallbladder issues due to quick fat loss. Ensuring gradual weight loss (1-3 lbs per week) is safer. There’s also the phenomenon of “semaglutide face” (facial volume loss from weight loss) – purely cosmetic, but highlights the need to keep nutrition adequate and perhaps not overdo calorie deficit. IGF-1 LR3 should be respected – high doses or chronic use could lead to organ growth or insulin resistance; however, our suggested doses are moderate, and cycling prevents continuous elevation. Regular health checks (like IGF-1 blood level, fasting glucose) are smart if running this protocol for many months. Follistatin, if used, is experimental – potential for unforeseen effects exists (for example, in some animals high follistatin led to connective tissue issues because muscles grew faster than tendons adapt). Given that, one should limit follistatin cycles and avoid if any signs of joint or tendon strain emerge.

In conclusion, the Fat Loss & Muscle Gain protocol embodies a cutting-edge strategy to recompose the body by leveraging the best of peptide science. Early adopters and research suggest it can deliver on its promise: significant fat reduction with concurrent muscle preservation or gain – essentially pushing the body towards a fitter, leaner state efficiently. As always, combining these tools with disciplined training and diet will yield the best and safest resultsbusinessinsider.com pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

Immune Support

Protocol Overview: Immune Restoration Stack

Goal: Strengthen and balance the immune system – enhancing the body’s ability to fight infections (viral, bacterial, etc.), modulating overactive immune responses (autoimmunity or allergies), and promoting faster recovery from illnesses. This is particularly useful for individuals with immunodeficiency, chronic infections, or those looking to bolster immunity during flu seasons or high stress.

Overview: The cornerstone of this immune protocol is Thymosin α1 (Tα1), a peptide that functions as a major immune system modulator. Thymosin α1 is actually an approved therapy in several countries for conditions like Hepatitis B/C and certain immunodeficiencies, known to increase T-cell maturation and cytokine balance mdpi.com. We pair Tα1 with LL-37, which is the only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide. LL-37 serves as an “innate antibiotic,” directly killing a broad spectrum of pathogens and also recruiting immune cells to sites of infection. For a more anti-inflammatory angle, especially in autoimmune or inflammatory conditions, the protocol includes KPV (a fragment of the alpha-MSH hormone) to dampen excessive inflammation and mast cell activation. Optionally, Thymosin Beta-4 (TB-4) or its fragment (TB-500) could be added for its wound-healing and anti-inflammatory benefits, aiding tissue repair in infection-damaged tissues (for example, lung tissue post-pneumonia). The combined approach is to boost immune surveillance (Tα1), attack microbes directly (LL-37), and control inflammation (KPV), thereby supporting a robust yet balanced immune response.

Peptide Recommendations and Dosing:

Thymosin α1 (Ta1, Zadaxin):
Dosage: 1.6 mg (which is 2 subcutaneous injections of 0.8 mg) per week, typically divided into two doses of 0.8 mg each (e.g. Monday & Thursday). Alternatively, some protocols use 0.8 mg 3x/week for acute needs.
Duration: 4–12 weeks cycles are common; for chronic immune support, some stay on a maintenance dose (0.8 mg weekly) long-term, as guided by a physician.
Administration: Subcutaneous injection (usually in the abdomen or thigh). Benefits: Tα1 enhances the function of various immune cells: it increases T cell production and differentiation, especially CD4+ “helper” T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic cells mdpi.com. It also activates dendritic cells and modulates cytokine release (e.g., increases IL-2, interferon, while reducing excessive IL-6). Clinically, it has shown efficacy in clearing viral infections like hepatitis and improving vaccine responses. In cancer adjuvant therapy, it has been used to stimulate the immune system’s anti-tumor activity. Overall, expect improved immune vigilance – patients often report fewer infections, quicker illness resolution, and improved energy (as chronic infection burden reduces). It may also restore balance in cases of immune burnout (like after severe infections or in chronic fatigue where immune function is low). Notes: It’s very well tolerated; occasional redness at injection site is the main complaint. If fighting an active infection, higher frequency (e.g. daily 300 µg injections for 2 weeks) is sometimes done under medical supervision.
LL-37 (Cathelicidin):
Dosage: 50 µg daily, can range up to 100 µg daily for tough infections, but higher doses can cause more herxheimer (die-off) reactions.
Duration: 4 weeks on, 4 weeks off, or as needed during infection flares.
Administration: Subcutaneous injection; some experienced users do intramuscular if targeting a local infection site, but SQ is fine for systemic distribution.
Benefits: LL-37 is a potent antimicrobial peptide that our white blood cells naturally produce. Supplementing it can directly kill bacteria, fungi, and even enveloped viruses. It disrupts microbial membranes and also can break up biofilms. Research shows LL-37 is effective against nasty pathogens like Borrelia (Lyme disease), Staph aureus, E. coli, and many others pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. It’s called “master antimicrobial peptide” because it also signals the immune system – it attracts neutrophils, monocytes, and mast cells to the infection site pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. People with chronic infections (Lyme, co-infections, chronic UTIs, etc.) use LL-37 to knock down pathogen load. You may notice temporary symptom flares when pathogens die off (a Herx reaction) – this is a sign it’s working, but one should go slow to manage it (start at 20–25 µg if sensitive).
Notes: Stay well-hydrated and consider taking detox/support supplements (e.g. antioxidants, binders) when using LL-37 to help handle toxin release from dying microbes. If injection site becomes itchy or mildly swollen, that’s a known effect (LL-37 can stimulate histamine locally); rotating sites and using an antihistamine if needed can help.
KPV (Lysine-Proline-Valine):
Dosage: 200–300 µg daily, either oral or subcutaneous depending on target.
Administration: For systemic inflammation or skin issues, oral capsules (e.g. 250 µg capsule daily) are convenient and effective because KPV is stable through the GI tract. For localized issues (like inflammatory bowel disease), oral is also preferred as it will act directly in gut. Subcutaneous injection can be used for general systemic effect (e.g. autoimmune conditions).
Benefits: KPV is a fragment of the alpha-MSH hormone and has strong anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. It inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β reddit.com reddit.com. In conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s, KPV has been shown to reduce colon inflammation and promote healing of the mucosa reddit.com. Many users with inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, eczema/psoriasis, or mast cell activation report that KPV dramatically reduces flares and symptoms. It also has some antimicrobial effects (particularly anti-fungal and anti-microbial against gut pathogens). KPV can be a gentler complement to LL-37 by controlling the collateral inflammation.
Notes: KPV is very well tolerated; it’s basically a tiny natural peptide. Oral use is easiest for daily dosing – some products are available as capsules or nasal sprays (which some use for systemic absorption).
(Optional) Thymosin Beta-4 (TB-500):
Dosage: 2 mg once weekly as a general immune support adjunct.
Benefits: TB-4 primarily is known for tissue repair (as covered in Tissue Repair protocol), but it also has anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects. It can promote healing of tissue damage from infections (e.g. healing lung tissue, intestinal lining) and has been noted to modulate macrophage activity and reduce inflammatory cytokines. If someone has had organ damage from an infection (fibrosis in lungs post-COVID, etc.), TB-4 may aid recovery. Use in immune protocol is optional and case-dependent.

Protocol Usage Notes: Typically, you would start with Thymosin α1 as the foundation – for example, inject Tα1 on Monday and Thursday. LL-37 can be started simultaneously or a week later at a low dose to assess tolerance (some prefer to ramp up immune activity first with Tα1, then introduce the antimicrobial). Pay attention to any “die-off” reactions in the first 1–2 weeks (fatigue, headache, rash, flu-like feeling); if they occur, it means your immune system is clearing pathogens – consider pausing or lowering dose and then gradually increasing. Ensure adequate rest and nutrition while on this protocol: protein is needed for immune cell production and healing, vitamins like C, D, and zinc are supportive (most users combine peptide therapy with such supplements). If using for preventative immune support, lower dosing and shorter duration (e.g. Tα1 0.8 mg weekly, LL-37 50 µg 3x/week) can be employed; some do this during winter months or if a known exposure has happened. For autoimmune conditions, KPV becomes very important – one might take it steadily for a few months to calm the inflammatory milieu, and Tα1 may help restore immune regulation (it tends to promote regulatory T cells which help rein in autoimmunity). Always listen to your body: if excessive immune stimulation symptoms occur (e.g. swollen lymph nodes, too high fever response), you might be mobilizing immunity too strongly – adjust the regimen or consult a healthcare provider.

Scientific Evidence & User Insights:

Evidence Base: Thymosin α1 (Tα1) stands out as one of the most evidence-backed peptides in this list for immune indications. It has been studied since the 1970s and used in over 30 countries. Clinical trials have shown Tα1 improves responses in viral infections: for instance, in hepatitis B and C, courses of Tα1 led to better viral clearance and liver function compared to standard treatments alone mdpi.com. It’s also an approved treatment for certain cancers (like melanoma) in combination with other therapies, due to its ability to stimulate the immune system. Mechanistically, Tα1 is known to increase thymus gland activity (essentially “rebooting” T-cell production that normally declines with age) and to restore immune homeostasis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Tα1 was investigated and used in some settings to boost immune response in severe patients; some studies suggested it could reduce mortality by preventing lymphocyte depletion bmj.com bmj.com, though results were mixed and are still being evaluated. Nonetheless, the consensus is that Tα1 is a powerful immunomodulatory agent with a broad range of potential uses sciencedirect.com.

LL-37 is supported by extensive lab research as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial. It’s effective against gram-posi tive and gram-negative bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Beyond test-tube studies, animal models of infections (like sepsis or skin wounds) show that adding LL-37 or analogs can reduce bacterial load and improve survival. Interestingly, LL-37 also has antiviral activity – research indicates it can inactivate some enveloped viruses and modulate immune responses in viral infections. While we don’t have human trials of LL-37 therapy (likely because it’s naturally occurring and can’t be patented easily for big studies), the mechanistic rationale and anecdotal success in hard-to-treat infections are strong. One peer-reviewed article dubs LL-37 a potential “therapeutic agent in infections and immune disorders,” highlighting its dual role in killing microbes and dampening excessive inflammation (it can bind and neutralize LPS, the endotoxin from bacteria, for example).

KPV similarly has research primarily in inflammatory disease models. A notable study in a mouse colitis model showed that oral KPV significantly reduced colon inflammation and healed intestinal lining reddit.com. Another line of research connects alpha-MSH (and KPV) to anti-microbial effects: alpha-MSH peptides can inhibit Candida fungi and staph bacteria indirectly by modulating immune responses. Some small-scale human data exists: e.g., in a pilot trial, a topical alpha-MSH analog helped psoriasis patients, presumably by reducing local inflammation.

User and Clinician Reports: Integrative medicine physicians and biohackers have embraced this peptide stack especially for “complex illness” cases. For example, patients with chronic Lyme disease or coinfections often report that adding LL-37 was a game changer, helping to break plateaus where antibiotics alone failed – but also note that it caused strong herxheimer reactions that had to be managed (indicative of its bacteria-killing power). Thymosin α1, in clinics, has been given to cancer patients to boost low immune cell counts, to elderly individuals to improve vaccine responses (some data suggests it can make flu vaccines more effective by improving T-cell function). One common piece of feedback: people on Tα1 over months frequently catch fewer colds and feel generally more resilient; some with low NK cell levels (a type of immune cell) have documented increases after therapy. On forums like Longecity or reddit’s r/Immune, users mention things like “Tα1 has been my secret weapon – I didn’t get sick all winter” or “LL-37 finally cleared my chronic sinus infection when nothing else did.” KPV, while subtler, has glowing anecdotal reviews for conditions like IBS/IBD – users note reduced gut pain and normalized bowel habits after a few weeks on oral KPV, and allergy sufferers sometimes use it to calm flares.

Synergy and Interactions: The chosen peptides here work in synergy: Tα1 upregulates the overall immune competence, so when LL-37 is introduced to kill microbes, the body can better clean up the debris and mount an effective response. KPV then can soothe the inflammation that both the infection and the immune attack (via LL-37) might cause. There is a rationale that Thymosin α1 might increase the expression of certain antimicrobial peptides in the body naturally, essentially priming the innate immune system; so it might even enhance LL-37’s endogenous production. No negative interactions are noted in literature between these peptides. One interplay to be mindful of: if someone is on immunosuppressive drugs (like steroids or biologics for autoimmune disease), Tα1 might counteract some of that suppression (which could be good or bad depending on the goal). It’s generally considered safe to use, but patients should coordinate with their doctor if on such medications.

Cautions: Because this protocol stimulates the immune system, autoimmune disease patients should monitor symptoms closely. Tα1 tends to normalize immunity and often helps autoimmunity by boosting regulatory T cells, but there is a small chance it could also activate certain arms of the immune system that exacerbate autoimmune attacks. Most reports suggest it’s helpful, but caution is warranted. Similarly, transplant patients or those needing to keep immune system suppressed should avoid these peptides. LL-37, due to histamine release, might aggravate conditions like Mast Cell Activation Syndrome if started too aggressively. Starting low and possibly premedicating with an antihistamine can mitigate that. Also, if a user has a high pathogen load (like chronic Lyme), killing too much too fast with LL-37 can make them feel very ill (herx reaction); thus, “low and slow” dosing and perhaps pulsing (a few days on, a few off) can be used. From a safety perspective, Tα1 has an excellent record – even high doses (like 3.2 mg twice weekly) in trials didn’t show significant side effects. LL-37 is still experimental but aside from injection site effects and die-off symptoms, no organ toxicity has been noted in the limited human usage documented by physicians.

Optimization: Immune function is holistic, so alongside peptides, users should ensure adequate sleep, stress management (high stress weakens immunity), and micronutrients (Vitamin D, C, zinc, selenium). Some combine biome support like probiotics or functional foods to further aid immunity. There’s also a peptide called Thymalin (a different thymus extract) that some Russians used historically for immune rejuvenation – interestingly, that was part of the anti-aging study with Epitalon drcassileth.com. Thymalin or thymus extracts could also be synergistic with Tα1, though Tα1 is basically a refined active component. For acute situations, some users increase Tα1 frequency short-term (e.g. every day for a week during a COVID infection) – studies in critical illnesses have used that approach mdpi.com. As always, the guidance of a healthcare professional is beneficial when navigating immune modulation. The combined knowledge from science and user experiences strongly suggests this peptide stack can fortify immune defenses and help reset aberrant immune conditions, making it a powerful tool in the health optimization arsenal mdpi.com bmj.com.

Cognitive Enhancement

Protocol Overview: Nootropic Peptide Stack

Goal: Enhance cognitive functions such as memory, focus, learning capacity, and creativity, while also supporting neuroprotection (protecting brain cells from stress or aging). Additionally, reduce anxiety and improve mood stability as these often interplay with cognitive performance.

Overview: This protocol assembles several neuropeptides that have shown promise in boosting brainpower. Leading the pack are Semax and Selank, two peptides developed in Russia for nootropic and anxiolytic purposes, respectively. Semax is often dubbed a “cognitive activator” – it boosts BDNF, a brain growth factor, and has been shown to improve memory and attention in trials alzdiscovery.org. Selank is an anti-anxiety and nootropic peptide that provides a calming effect and improved clarity; it’s actually approved for anxiety disorders (GAD) in Russia, with effectiveness comparable to benzodiazepines minus the sedation pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Using them together (which is common) yields synergistic benefits: enhanced focus and memory (Semax) with reduced stress and mental fatigue (Selank). Next, the protocol includes Dihexa, a powerful experimental peptide (be careful) that facilitates synapse formation – essentially helping the brain form new connections. Dihexa is sometimes called “a compound that can regrow brain tissue” in early research, intended for serious cognitive disorders, but at low doses biohackers use it for a long-term memory and cognition boost. Finally, Cerebrolysin (a peptide mixture from pig brain) can be an optional addition for those seeking broad neuroprotection; it’s used in some countries for stroke recovery and cognitive impairment, containing fragments like BDNF/NGF analogs. However, Cerebrolysin requires intramuscular injections and is a mix of peptides, so it’s optional and more intensive. The core trio will be Semax, Selank, and Dihexa for most users. Administration is often via intranasal sprays or subcutaneous injections, depending on the peptide and user preference.

Peptide Recommendations and Dosing:

Semax (regular or NA-Semax Amidate):
Dosage: 300 µg per dose, used up to 2–3 times daily. A common regimen is one dose in the morning and one early afternoon. If using the more potent N-Acetyl Semax Amidate, doses are often halved (e.g. 150 µg) due to higher potency. Administration: Intranasal is the classic route – Semax comes as nasal drops or spray (e.g. 2-3 drops per nostril). Subcutaneous injection is also effective (and can be done at ~200 µg once daily if preferred).
Benefits: Semax provides a notable boost in mental energy, clarity, and memory. Users often feel a sense of increased focus and motivation, somewhat stimulant-like but without peripheral jitteriness. It’s been used for improving post-stroke cognitive recovery and in ADHD-like contexts. Mechanistically, Semax elevates BDNF and modulates dopamine and serotonin in certain brain regions alzdiscovery.org.
Notes: Effects are fast-acting (within 20-30 minutes of a nose spray) and can last 4–6 hours. It’s great for when mental performance is needed – e.g. studying, coding, or creative work. Tolerance generally doesn’t develop in short cycles, but some advise cycling 5 days on, 2 off, or monthly cycles (e.g. use for 1-2 months, take a few weeks off) to keep sensitivity. Mild side effects can include irritability or insomnia if taken too late in the day (due to increased brain activity). With the stronger NA-semax, some users report a slight runny nose or mild burning sensation with nasal use, but it’s transient.
Selank:
Dosage: 300 µg per dose, up to 3 times daily (mirrors Semax usage and can be taken simultaneously). Often 2-3 drops per nostril if using intranasal solution. Administration: Intranasal is the preferred method for Selank as well (it was developed as a nasal spray originally). Sublingual (under the tongue) drops are another option some nootropic vendors provide. Injection is less common but subcutaneous injection of ~250 µg is an option for systemic effect.
Benefits: Selank is a potent anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) and stabilizer of mood. It’s sometimes called “daytime tranquilizer” in that it reduces excessive stress responses without causing drowsiness. By lowering anxiety, it indirectly improves cognitive function (a calm mind learns and focuses better). Selank also has nootropic effects in its own right: studies indicated improvements in memory and learning, possibly due to its modulation of neurotransmitters (it influences GABA, serotonin, norepinephrine levels). It also has an immune-modulating aspect (enhances interferon-gamma, interestingly), which might contribute to a mental energy boost in people with immune-related fatigue reddit.com.
Notes: The combination of Selank + Semax is popular – users often mix them in the same nasal spray bottle (they are chemically compatible) in a 1:1 ratio. This “stack” addresses both sides of the coin: Semax pushes cognition up, Selank smooths anxiety out. Selank is very well tolerated; overdosing may cause a too-relaxed state or slight sedation in some, so find the sweet spot (some do fine with just 1–2 doses a day). It’s not addictive and even has been noted to help with withdrawal symptoms (studied for opioid withdrawal support in Russia).
Dihexa:
Dosage: 10 mg twice per week (for example, Monday and Thursday). Dosage in literature ranges widely; some use 5–10 mg every other day, but a conservative effective approach is 2x/week which still yields benefit due to Dihexa’s long half-life and lasting brain effects. Administration: Oral (Dihexa is one of the rare peptides that is orally bioavailable). Many users get it as a powder or solution and take it sublingually or orally. It can also be compounded in capsules. Alternatively, transdermal (mixed in a DMSO cream) is used by some to help it absorb.
enefits: Dihexa is an extremely potent synaptogenesis agent – it literally encourages the formation of new synaptic connections in the brain by activating the HGF/c-Met pathway, which is associated with brain healing and growth reddit.com. In animal studies, Dihexa dramatically improved cognitive function in dementia models and even reversed signs of Alzheimer’s-like damage sciencedaily.com. For healthy users, the effects are subtler day-to-day but profound over time: improved ability to learn, heightened creativity, and possibly even sensory enhancement. Some users after a month or two report “thinking faster” or recalling information more effortlessly, attributing it to Dihexa’s cumulative synaptic improvements. It’s also being looked at for neurodegenerative conditions (Parkinson’s, etc.) because it may help repair neural circuits.
Notes: Dihexa does not give an acute noticeable boost like Semax/Selank; it’s more of a long-term brain investment. Some do however feel a mild mood lift or increased mental fluidity on the days they take it. Because it’s very potent, it’s advised not to overuse – stick to recommended dose frequency. There is theoretical concern that too much synaptogenic stimulation without breaks could cause headaches or excitotoxicity; indeed a few user reports mention headaches if they dose too high or too often. Thus, we emphasize a moderate dosing schedule. It’s also wise to take general neuroprotective supplements (like fish oil, antioxidants) alongside, just to provide brain-friendly environment as you grow new connections.
(Optional) Cerebrolysin:
Dosage: 5 mL injection (which is 5 ampoules of 1 mL) IM, administered 2–3 times per week. Some intensive protocols use it daily for 2-3 weeks (“Cerebrolysin cycle”) especially in acute recovery scenarios. For nootropic purposes, 2x/week IM injections for 4–8 weeks can be a cycle.
Administration:Intramuscular injection (into the deltoid or gluteal muscle). Cerebrolysin comes as a solution ready to inject (typically from pharmacies in ampoules).
Benefits: Cerebrolysin is a mix of short peptides derived from pig brain tissue – it contains fragments that act like nerve growth factor, BDNF, and other neurotrophic factors. It has decades of use in Europe/Asia for stroke rehab, traumatic brain injury, and dementia. It can enhance neuroplasticity and has shown improvements in cognition in Alzheimer’s trials (though modest). For the biohacker, Cerebrolysin can give a general boost to mental clarity and processing, especially if there’s any cognitive impairment or brain fog; many healthy users might not feel a huge difference, but those who had brain injuries or have age-related cognitive decline often swear by it. It’s also synergistic with Dihexa – Dihexa makes neurons sprout connections, Cerebrolysin provides the growth factors to support and maintain those.
Notes: Cerebrolysin must be injected IM, which is a downside for some (and it can sting). It also has a distinct smell (peptide soup) which you might notice. Side effects are rare; occasionally slight agitation or insomnia if taken late (due to NGF/BDNF activity). Usually it’s very safe. Since it’s optional, many will opt to use Semax/Selank/Dihexa first and only consider Cerebrolysin if they want more or have specific reason (like recovering from concussion or wanting maximum neuroprotection).

Protocol Usage Notes: Decide on administration routes that suit your lifestyle: Semax/Selank are easy as nasal sprays – you can carry them and spray on the go as needed (common for students or professionals during work). If injecting, a morning subQ injection routine can be adopted. These peptides don’t require cycling for safety, but cycling can prevent diminishing returns. A sensible schedule might be use for 5 days a week, take weekends off (since during downtime cognitive enhancement is less needed and it gives receptors a break). Dihexa’s twice-weekly dosing can be done on any days; some do Monday and Thursday for even spacing. Because Semax can be stimulating, avoid dosing it (and even Selank, to a lesser extent) in the evening to prevent insomnia. Selank, while calming, can also have a mild stimulatory effect in some, so best to keep both for daytime. Stacking strategy: Many users take Semax+Selank in the morning for a productive day, then maybe another dose early afternoon if needed, and then reserve Dihexa for perhaps evenings (some take it at night believing it works during sleep to consolidate memory – though any time is fine). Ensure to keep mentally active to harness the benefits – e.g., engage in learning tasks, reading, creative projects while on these peptides, as they will enhance the brain’s response to such stimulation (for instance, if you’re learning a language, you might find you retain new words faster on Semax). It’s also beneficial to practice stress-reduction techniques (Selank will help, but combining with meditation or mindfulness can deeply engrain calm cognitive states).

Scientific Evidence & User Insights (Page 2):

Evidence Base: Cognitive enhancement through peptides is a relatively novel area, but several of these have significant research pedigree. Semax has been around since the 1980s; it’s essentially a snippet of ACTH (a pituitary hormone) modified to remove hormonal activity but retain neurotropic effects alzdiscovery.org. Russian studies (some in humans) found Semax improves outcomes after ischemic stroke (patients had better neurological recovery) alzdiscovery.org alzdiscovery.org. In healthy individuals, a small trial showed Semax can improve attention and short-term memory alzdiscovery.org. Mechanistically, Semax has been shown to increase BDNF levels in the brain and possibly upregulate certain genes involved in neuroplasticity alzdiscovery.org. It’s also been studied for ADHD, with some evidence of benefit (though not widely adopted clinically).

Selank originates from research into tuftsin (an immune peptide) analogs for anxiety. In clinical comparisons, Selank’s anxiolytic effect was akin to low-dose diazepam (Valium) pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, but without sedation or cognitive impairment. It’s actually officially approved for treating generalized anxiety disorder in Russia sciencedirect.com. Beyond anxiety reduction, studies in healthy volunteers indicated that Selank could improve cognitive function under stress (it prevented stress-induced memory impairment, which is a big deal for those who get anxious during exams or high-pressure tasks). Selank also modulates monoamine neurotransmitters – one study noted it increased focus-related neurochemicals in the brain, aligning with user reports of mental clarity.

Dihexa (PNB-0408) emerged from Alzheimer’s drug development research at Washington State University. It’s not yet trialed in humans for cognition, but in rats it’s almost legendary: it improved learning in both scopolamine-induced amnesia models and aged rats reddit.com, with the key understanding that it binds with high affinity to Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and potentiates its activity en.wikipedia.org. HGF/c-Met is a pathway that, when activated in the brain, leads to synapse formation and neuronal growth. The researchers reported that Dihexa was “seven orders of magnitude” more potent than BDNF (the brain’s natural growth factor) in certain lab assays, which is astonishing. Another study (cited in an Alzheimer’s Drug Foundation report) showed that Dihexa not only improved cognition in aged rats but also that its effect could be blocked by an HGF antagonist, confirming that mechanism pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. So, while no human clinical trial data yet, the mechanism and animal data suggest it truly can rebuild synapses, a potentially huge boon for neurodegenerative conditions and a cutting-edge biohack for healthy brain optimization.

Cerebrolysin has multiple human studies: randomized controlled trials in stroke patients show improved recovery, trials in Alzheimer’s show modest cognitive benefits (some meta-analyses suggest it’s beneficial in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s), and it’s widely used in Austria, China, etc. There’s also evidence it can help peripheral neuropathy and other nerve injuries due to the growth factors it provides.

User Reports: Nootropic communities (like r/Nootropics, Longecity forums) have long threads on these peptides. Semaxis often lauded for enhancing focus akin to ADHD medication but smoother. People note tasks become more engaging, mental stamina increases, and some even get a mild euphoria or mood uplift. Selank is beloved by those with anxious tendencies – reports include “social anxiety virtually gone, I feel calmly confident” and improved sleep quality due to less rumination. Importantly, unlike benzos, users say Selank sharpens their mind rather than dulls it. The Semax/Selank combo is sometimes sold as a 50:50 mix because of how well they complement; many verify that once they try them together, they prefer the combo to either alone, especially in high-stress cognitive work.

Dihexa anecdotal evidence is mixed only because its effects are subtler short-term. Some immediate things reported: enhanced creativity (people start noticing they think in novel ways or have a cascade of ideas), improved sense of smell (interestingly, a few have said their sensory perception changed slightly, possibly from brain changes), and memory of things like names or terms improve. The more pronounced stories come from those who used it for several months – e.g. older individuals feeling like their “brain fog of aging” lifted and their memory more closely resembling their younger days. There are also self-experimenters with neurodegenerative conditions that have positive anecdotes (like a person with early Parkinson’s noticing better coordination), but those are single cases. One consistent caution from users: headaches if dosing too frequently – which aligns with the idea that too much synaptic activity or blood vessel growth can cause head discomfort. Sticking to intermittent dosing as we recommend seems to avoid that for most.

Synergy and Interactions: These cognitive peptides work through different pathways: Semax via BDNF and neurotransmitters, Selank via anxiolytic and neuromodulation, Dihexa via synaptogenesis, Cerebrolysin via neurotrophic support. Using them together covers multiple bases of cognitive enhancement. There is likely synergy – for instance, Semax raising BDNF might complement Dihexa’s push for new synapses (BDNF helps new synapses survive and strengthen). Selank’s calming effect prevents stress from counteracting learning; stress is known to impede memory formation, so Selank keeps the brain in an optimal learning mode. Importantly, no serious adverse interactions are known. We do caution about stacking too many stimulatory nootropics with Semax – e.g. using high-dose caffeine or Adderall on Semax could be overkill leading to anxiety or overfocus. In fact, some find they can reduce other stimulants when on Semax. Selank can be combined with other anxiolytics theoretically, but it might make one too relaxed if paired with say phenibut or a benzodiazepine (and it’s redundant). So best to use these peptides as the primary nootropic agents and moderate use of other ones.

Cautions: As with any nootropic, individual reactions vary. A small subset of people find Semax overstimulating or mood-destabilizing (reports of irritability or mild depression in a few cases). This could be due to its effect on the dopaminergic system. For those individuals, reducing dose or frequency usually helps; or they may prefer Selank solo if Semax doesn’t agree with them. On the flip side, a few people don’t feel much from Semax – possibly due to individual brain chemistry differences. Selank is gentler but if someone already has very low anxiety and more issue with motivation, too much Selank could make them a bit too carefree (not common though). Dihexa’s biggest caution is the unknown of long-term effects – it’s a research compound without long-term human safety data. The concern is if it causes uncontrolled cell growth in the brain; however, studies have not indicated tumorigenic effects and it seems fairly targeted to neurons. Still, we use conservative dosing. It’s wise for anyone on Dihexa to avoid other potent growth promoters (like high-dose growth hormone or high-dose nootropics) concurrently that could unbalance things. Also, because Dihexa is so potent, if any user experienced symptoms like unusual muscle twitches, severe headaches, or cognitive changes that feel “too much,” they should discontinue and consult a doctor.

Optimization: To get the most cognitive bang, pairing this protocol with good brain habits is key. Continued learning, puzzles, or skill practice will let the new synapses formed by Dihexa and stimulated by Semax cement into useful networks (neuroplasticity follows a use-it-or-lose-it rule). Physical exercise also boosts BDNF and cerebral blood flow, complementing these peptides – many report the best creative thinking or memory consolidation on days they do both peptides and exercise. Sleep is when a lot of memory consolidation happens; ensure you’re sleeping well (which Selank can help indirectly by reducing day stress – but if Semax causes any insomnia, adjust timing or dose). Some people stack classic nootropics like racetams or choline donors with these peptides; that can be fine (e.g. Semax + piracetam is a known stack for intense focus), but be cautious and introduce one thing at a time to know what’s doing what.

In summary, the Cognitive Enhancement peptide stack is a cutting-edge approach that mirrors having a “fertilizer, a calm gardener, and a growth architect” for your brain – Semax fertilizes cognitive processes, Selank keeps the environment calm and conducive, and Dihexa lays down new neural architecture. Together, they can yield notable improvements in mental performance and brain health, as evidenced by both scientific findings and a growing body of biohacker successes alzdiscovery.org sciencedaily.com.

Anti-Aging & Longevity

Protocol Overview: Longevity Peptide Stack

Goal: Slow down and even reverse aspects of biological aging, thereby extending healthspan (years of healthy life) and potentially lifespan. This includes improving markers of aging such as telomere length, epigenetic age, and organ function, as well as reducing risks of age-related diseases.

Overview: The longevity protocol uses peptides that target fundamental aging mechanisms: telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, and systemic inflammation. The flagship peptide is Epitalon(Epithalon) – a tetrapeptide known to activate telomerase, the enzyme that lengthens telomeres at the ends of chromosomes. Telomeres shorten with age, so maintaining them is associated with longevity. Russian studies (including human data) have indicated Epitalon can indeed elongate telomeres and was correlated with life extension in animal models pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov s wolverine.com. Epitalon is used in intermittent short courses, often annually. Complementing Epitalon is a Thymus peptide – typically Thymosin α1 or Thymalin – to rejuvenate the aging immune system. (In the famous Russian trial, a combo of Epitalon + thymus extract dramatically cut mortality in older adults drcassileth.com.) We include Thymosin α1 here given its availability and immune-enhancing, anti-inflammatory properties. Next, the protocol targets mitochondria, the cell’s powerhouses that decline with age. MOTS-c and Humanin are mitochondrial-derived peptides that act as exercise or stress mimetics: they improve metabolic health, insulin sensitivity, and cellular stress resistance. Intermittently dosing these can mimic the benefits of youthful mitochondrial function – in animal studies, late-life MOTS-c treatment improved mouse lifespan and muscle function e-dmj.org, and Humanin analogs have been linked to increased lifespan in model organisms pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Finally, for more aggressive targeting of aging at the cellular senescence level, one optional peptide is FOXO4-DRI, an experimental peptide that in mice cleared senescent “zombie” cells to reverse signs of aging. However, FOXO4-DRI is very experimental and used only by a few self-experimenters due to cost and limited data, so we list it as a highly optional, specialist intervention. The core will revolve around Epitalon, Thymosin, and mitochondrial peptides.

Peptide Recommendations and Dosing:

Epitalon (Epithalone):
Dosage: 10 mg per day, given in a 10–20 day course. A typical protocol is 10 mg daily for 10 days (total 100 mg per course) or spread over 20 days at 5 mg daily (total 100 mg). This course is repeated 1–2 times per year (for example, every six months).
Administration: Subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. If injecting 10 mg at once is too much volume, can split into two daily 5 mg injections.
Benefits: Epitalon’s primary claim is telomere length maintenance. A study found Epitalon induced telomerase in human cell cultures and extended telomeres in blood cells pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. In a human observational study, a group of elderly people who took Epitalon in cycles over 12 years had lower mortality and better markers of cardiovascular and metabolic health than those who didn’t drcassileth.com. Additionally, Epitalon influences the pineal gland – it normalizes melatonin production and circadian rhythms, which are crucial for aging (it was initially researched as a pineal gland bioregulator). Users often report improved sleep and hormone regulation after a course. Over time, repeated Epitalon courses are purported to reduce biological age as measured by telomere tests.
Notes: Epitalon is a very small peptide (just 4 amino acids), and is generally free of side effects. Some might experience transient mild headaches or vivid dreams (possibly from melatonin changes), but overall it’s well tolerated. It’s important to follow the cyclic dosing – continuous use is not recommended or necessary. Think of it as a periodic reset signal for the body.
Thymosin α1 (or Thymalin):
Dosage: 0.8 mg (800 µg) subcutaneous, 2–3 times per week. (If using Thymalin specifically, Russian protocols used 10 mg every day for 5 days as a course; Thymosin α1 is more standard internationally and dosing as given is fine). D
uration: If doing concurrently with Epitalon, one might do a 2-month cycle of Thymosin α1 around the Epitalon course (e.g. start Thymosin α1 a couple weeks before Epitalon, continue through Epitalon and a few weeks after). Or simply do 3 months on, 3 months off for ongoing immune support.
Benefits: Thymus peptides address immune aging (immunosenescence). The thymus gland, which produces new T cells, shrinks drastically by middle age, contributing to weaker immune surveillance and higher cancer/infection risk. By supplementing thymic peptides, studies show you can improve immune cell counts and function in older adults drcassileth.com drcassileth.com. The Russian 6-year study with 266 elderly people found those receiving annual courses of Epitalon + Thymalin had not only lower mortality but also lower incidence of age-related diseases drcassileth.com. Thymosin α1 similarly has shown in other research to restore some youthful balance to immune response and reduce chronic inflammation. Clinically, it’s been observed to improve vaccine efficacy in elderly (a sign of a rejuvenated immune system).
Notes: The combination of Epitalon and thymus peptide is thought to have a symbiotic effect – one working via neuroendocrine axis (pineal) and gene expression, the other via immune system renewal. As mentioned, side effects of Thymosin α1 are minimal (maybe slight redness at injection). It’s often considered for long-term health maintenance and has been safely used for years in Hepatitis patients.
MOTS-c (Mitochondrial ORF peptide):
Dosage: 5 mg subcutaneous, 3 times per week. This was the regimen used in some mouse studies in late-life; for humans, practitioners extrapolate doses in the 5-10 mg range a few times weekly.
Cycle: 4–6 weeks on, then equal time off (intermittent pulses are believed to be effective, as continuous exposure may lead to diminishing returns). B
enefits: MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus in cells under stress and triggers pathways for metabolic health and stress resistance. It essentially makes cells behave as if they’re in a caloric restriction or exercise state, activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and upregulating antioxidant defenses. In aged mice, injecting MOTS-c improved their insulin sensitivity, physical endurance, and even slightly extended lifespan nature.com e-dmj.org. For humans, the likely benefits include improved muscle function, better glucose control (some have explored it as an exercise mimetic or even diabetes aid), reduced fat accumulation, and enhanced energy levels. Some users also report feeling more exercise capacity and quicker recovery on MOTS-c, aligning with its exercise-mimicking effects. N
otes: MOTS-c is generally well tolerated; a few users note some fatigue on injection days (perhaps from AMPK activation, akin to after intense exercise). It might also transiently lower blood glucose, so those prone to hypoglycemia should monitor. Taking MOTS-c in the morning or on workout days might be optimal. Avoid dosing at night as it could interfere with sleep due to mild metabolic boost.
Humanin:
Dosage: 10 mg subcutaneous, 1–2 times per week. Some protocols do 5 mg 3x/week, but since human data is limited, we err on moderate dosing.
Benefits: Humanin is another mitochondrial peptide that has shown protective effects against Alzheimer’s, improved insulin action, and cell survival under stress. Research finds that people with longer lifespans (and certain centenarian populations) have higher levels of humanin, and it declines with age aging-us.com. In mouse studies, humanin analogs increased lifespan by modulating apoptosis pathways and reducing oxidative stress. In practical terms, boosting Humanin might help cells better handle toxic insults (like beta-amyloid in the brain, or high glucose in diabetes). It could also contribute to improved cognitive function and metabolism. There’s some evidence Humanin helps preserve endothelial function (blood vessel health) too.
Notes: Humanin can be taken in cycles similar to MOTS-c or alternated with MOTS-c (they are thought to complement each other). No major side effects known; it’s a natural peptide our body makes.
(Optional) FOXO4-DRI:
Dosage: 100 mg, given as 3 doses (100 mg each) over one week, typically only one cycle needed for a long time (this is based on the original mouse experiment for senescent cell clearance).
Administration: IV infusion in lab settings; a few self-experimenters have done subcutaneous injections (which may be less effective distribution).
Benefits: FOXO4-DRI is a peptide that disrupts the FOXO4-p53 interaction in senescent cells, causing those cells to undergo apoptosis (programmed death). In a breakthrough 2017 study in mice, treating them with this peptide cleared senescent cells and led to rejuvenation signs: regrown fur, improved kidney function, more vigor. It directly addresses the cellular senescence hallmark of aging. In theory, a successful senolytic therapy like this could reduce inflammation, improve organ function, and make old tissues behave younger.
Caution: This is highly experimental – as of now, few have tried it. It’s costly and not readily available except via custom synthesis. If one does pursue it, they should be under medical/research supervision. So far, anecdotal human data is scant, though one or two self-reports claimed improved skin elasticity and workout capacity after a FOXO4-DRI cycle. It remains an optional “future” element of peptide anti-aging therapy.

Protocol Usage Notes: Timing and cycling: The protocol is best done in cycles rather than continuous use. A common strategy is an annual or biannual “longevity stack cycle”. For example, every 6 months, do: Epitalon 10-20 day course + Thymosin α1 for 2 months + MOTS-c for 1 month + Humanin for 1 month. These can overlap appropriately: one approach is to start Thymosin α1 and mitochondrial peptides first to get the body in a fortified state, then run Epitalon (which relies on a healthy system to enact changes). Many experts suggest doing Epitalon at roughly the same time each year (some align it with their birthday or new year as a routine).

Lifestyle: While on these peptides, also emphasize lifestyle longevity habits – calorie restriction or fasting, regular exercise, and sleep optimization – as these will synergize. For instance, doing a MOTS-c cycle while engaging in a new exercise routine might amplify muscle and metabolic benefits. Or using Epitalon and then ensuring good sleep to help the pineal gland and melatonin are in sync.

Monitoring: It’s highly recommended to track biomarkers: before starting, get baseline bloodwork (CBC, metabolic panel, inflammatory markers like CRP, hormone levels, etc.), maybe a DNA methylation biological age test or telomere length test if available. Then after a year of these interventions, check for improvements. People have reported improvements in things like fasting glucose, immune cell counts, liver enzymes, and subjective measures (energy, skin appearance, etc.). In the Russian study, those on Epitalon had better functional indices and less chronic disease over time drcassileth.com drcassileth.com.

Integration: This peptide stack can be integrated with other longevity interventions (for example, some might also be taking NAD+ boosters like NMN or senolytic supplements like quercetin). They generally play well together, as peptides are highly specific signals.

Scientific Evidence & User Insights (Page 2):

Evidence Base: Longevity science is rapidly evolving, and these peptides come from some of the pioneering research. Epitalon has a storied history: Dr. Vladimir Khavinson, a Russian gerontologist, studied it for decades. In animal studies, Epitalon consistently increased lifespan of mice and even fruit flies. In one human study, a group of elderly people receiving Epitalon (50 mg per year) had a lower mortality rate over 15 years compared to those without (just 17% died in peptide group vs 30% in control) drcassileth.com drcassileth.com. That study also used a thymus peptide (Thymalin), suggesting the synergy. Epitalon’s effect on telomerase was published in a peer-reviewed journal: it induced telomerase activity in human cells, and a pilot study showed that after Epitalon treatment, the percentage of cells with long telomeres increased significantly pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. This is a direct anti-aging mechanism, as telomere attrition is a hallmark of aging.

Thymus peptides (Thymalin/Thymosin): The same Russian trials reported not just lower mortality but also improvements in markers like bone density, blood pressure, and cognitive function in the treated group drcassileth.com drcassileth.com. Outside of Russia, immunologists have shown Thymosin α1 can restore some thymic function – for instance, a small study in immune-depleted patients showed an increase in naïve T-cells after Tα1 therapy. That indicates a reversal of one aspect of immune aging.

Mitochondrial peptides: The discovery of MOTS-c and Humanin provided new insight into aging. A key paper in 2015 (Lee et al.) found that MOTS-c levels decline with age in humans and that giving older mice MOTS-c improved their insulin sensitivity and fitness e-dmj.org. Another study in 2019 demonstrated that late-life intermittent MOTS-c injections extended median lifespan of mice (though by a modest ~7%) nature.com. Humanin research (by Prof. Nir Barzilai and others) showed that higher Humanin levels correlate with better metabolic health and cognitive function; one striking result was that children of centenarians had higher plasma humanin, hinting at a genetic link to longevity aging-us.com. In C. elegans worms, humanin analogs extended lifespan, and in mice they protected against Alzheimer’s pathology. So collectively, these peptides seem to recapitulate benefits akin to exercise and a healthy diet – two proven pro-longevity factors.

FOXO4-DRI and Senolytics: The concept of senolytic therapy is one of the hottest in anti-aging research. The 2017 Cell paper by Baar et al. is where FOXO4-DRI was introduced; in aged mice, it restored fur density, kidney function, and fitness to levels near those of young mice by selectively killing senescent cells. While senolytic drugs like Dasatinib+Quercetin have entered some human trials, FOXO4-DRI as a peptide is still not in trials, though a biotech company is likely exploring it. The evidence in animals is very compelling, but we caution that until human data emerges, its use is purely experimental.

User and Practitioner Experience: There’s a niche but growing number of longevity enthusiasts and some progressive clinics implementing peptide protocols. Epitalon has many anecdotal reports of people feeling rejuvenated: better sleep, more vivid dreams (sign of restored youthful deep sleep cycles), improvements in skin quality, and sometimes recovery from chronic issues. Some have done before/after telomere testing – a few reports claim significant telomere lengthening after a year or two of Epitalon cycles (though telomere tests can be variable, so take with grain of salt). Thymosin α1anecdotal in older adults: improved energy and fewer infections, which indirectly supports longevity as infections can be life-threatening in seniors. One clinician noted their elderly patients on thymus peptides had “biological age markers consistently improve – e.g. DNA methylation age going down by a few years” after a year of treatment.

MOTS-c/Humanin aren’t as widely used yet, but early adopters (often biohackers in 40s-60s) have shared experiences like “MOTS-c gave me the stamina to start running again, it was like it pushed my body into a younger metabolic state”. Another said their blood glucose dropped from prediabetic range to normal after a MOTS-c cycle (though weight loss and diet could have contributed). Humanin is often taken together with MOTS-c in protocols; users may not feel anything acutely from Humanin, but given the data, they consider it an investment in long-term health. There’s also excitement that these peptides mimic exercise – not to replace exercise, but to support those who can’t exercise as vigorously or to amplify the benefits for those who do (some older folk who can’t do intense training use MOTS-c to help maintain muscle and metabolic health).

Synergy and Interactions: The chosen longevity peptides hit different aging pathways, which is ideal as aging is multifactorial. Epitalon (telomeres, circadian regulation), Thymosin (immune function, reduced chronic inflammation), Mitochondrial peptides (metabolism, oxidative stress resistance), Senolytic (removing damaged cells) – in theory, doing all could have additive if not multiplicative effects. No negative interactions have been reported among them. Epitalon and Thymosin α1 were explicitly studied together with positive results drcassileth.com. One could argue that improving immune function (Thymosin) helps clean up potentially precancerous cells, while telomerase activation (Epitalon) helps cells continue dividing healthily – combining them addresses both cancer prevention and tissue regenerative potential, and indeed the study showed reduced cancer mortality in the peptide group.

Cautions: A general principle in anti-aging interventions is to ensure we’re not promoting something that could accelerate cancer. Telomerase activators like Epitalon raise that question (since cancer cells often reactivate telomerase to become immortal). However, Epitalon studies surprisingly showed lower cancer incidence and mortality in treated groups drcassileth.com, suggesting it might have normalizing effects rather than simply pushing telomerase blindly. It might work via epigenetic regulation as well. Nonetheless, someone with active cancer or at high risk might want to avoid telomerase activation. Thymosin α1, on the other hand, has been used in cancer therapy as an adjuvant – it can actually help the immune system fight tumors, so it’s generally seen as safe there. MOTS-c and Humanin appear to have anti-cancer associations (they improve metabolic profiles which can reduce cancer risk, and some studies suggest they induce death of damaged cells). FOXO4-DRI’s risk would be if clearing senescent cells causes harm to tissues if done excessively – senescent cells do have some role in wound healing short-term, but the idea is once they linger they cause problems. So senolytics should be done infrequently and carefully. One anecdotal caution: a self-experimenter took FOXO4-DRI and reported some transient liver enzyme elevation – possibly from clearing of senescent cells in liver releasing contents – which resolved, but it points to doing such an intervention with medical supervision and follow-up labs.

Optimization: This protocol works best alongside known basic longevity practices: regular exercise, a nutritious diet (possibly with intermittent fasting or time-restricted feeding), stress reduction, and avoidance of smoking or excessive alcohol. Peptides can’t override a bad lifestyle – but they can significantly enhance the effects of a good one. Some also combine this with periodic deeper interventions like fasting-mimicking diets or actual fasting, and note that pairing those with an Epitalon cycle felt synergistic (fasting clears out old cells, Epitalon stimulates regenerative cells). Supplements like NAD+ precursors (NMN or NR), resveratrol, or spermidine are often part of longevity stacks; they can be used with these peptides since their mechanisms differ (e.g. NAD boosters help DNA repair and energy, complementary to what our peptides do). Users often say after going through these peptide regimens they “feel younger”– more vitality, better physical performance, improved skin/hair, sharper cognition – which, while subjective, aligns with the intended objective biological improvements drcassileth.com e-dmj.org.

Sources: The above protocols are derived from a combination of peer-reviewed research findings and aggregated user experiences reported in public forums and blogs. Key references include scientific studies (e.g., on BPC-157’s wound healing pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, CJC-1295/Ipamorelin’s hormone effects rupahealth.com rupahealth.com, GLP-1 analogs in weight loss pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov businessinsider.com, Thymosin α1 in immune modulation mdpi.com, Semax/Selank clinical evaluations alzdiscovery.org pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, Epitalon longevity trials drcassileth.com, MOTS-c research e-dmj.org, etc.), as well as anecdotal reports from communities (e.g., Reddit threads on BPC-157 recovery reddit.com, Business Insider interviews on semaglutide businessinsider.com, and personal experimentation logs). All suggestions emphasize a balance between formal evidence and real-world insights, and caution is noted where data is limited. Users are encouraged to review the cited literature and consult professionals when implementing these advanced protocols. rupahealth.com drcassileth.com

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Dopamine Club

Tissue Repair & Recovery

Protocol Overview: Rapid Recovery Stack

Scientific Evidence & User Insights

Hormonal Balance & Body Composition

Protocol Overview: Hormone Optimization Stack

Scientific Evidence & User Insights :

Fat Loss & Muscle Gain

Protocol Overview: Recomposition Stack

Scientific Evidence & User Insights (Page 2):

Immune Support

Protocol Overview: Immune Restoration Stack

Scientific Evidence & User Insights:

Cognitive Enhancement

Protocol Overview: Nootropic Peptide Stack

Scientific Evidence & User Insights (Page 2):

Anti-Aging & Longevity

Protocol Overview: Longevity Peptide Stack

Scientific Evidence & User Insights (Page 2):

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