CITRULLINE MALATE

Review concludes that evidence for CM's effectiveness remains ambiguous due to methodological discrepancies including dosing strategies, quality control issues with citrulline:malate ratios, and varying test protocols. More well-controlled studies with highly repeatable protocols are needed.

Meta-analysis of 8 studies with 137 participants found CM supplementation significantly increased total repetitions performed before muscular failure, with benefits observed across multiple upper and lower body exercises.

Systematic review examining CM's effects on muscle strength variables found unclear and misleading findings in the literature, highlighting the need for better-controlled research to elucidate ergogenic impact.

Comprehensive review examining L-citrulline's effects on aerobic and anaerobic performance, vascular function, and potential synergistic effects with other ingredients. Suggests potential ergogenic value but notes need for more research.

Double-blind crossover study with 10 well-trained males found 12g CM consumed 60 minutes pre-exercise affected acid-base balance but results on performance improvements were mixed.

Randomized controlled crossover trial examined CM supplementation effects on CrossFit-specific performance metrics in trained athletes, contributing to literature on sport-specific applications.

Study found that CM supplementation did not significantly improve muscle recovery markers or reduce soreness following resistance exercise in untrained individuals.

Double-blind crossover trial with 43 trained adults compared pure L-citrulline versus citrulline malate to determine whether malate provides additive ergogenic effects when combined with citrulline.