ARGIRELINE

A randomized trial of 60 Chinese subjects found that topical argireline applied twice daily for 4 weeks achieved 48.9% total anti-wrinkle efficiency with notable reduction in wrinkle depth compared to placebo.

In aged mice induced by D-galactose, topical argireline applied twice daily for 6 weeks improved skin histology by increasing type I collagen fibers and decreasing type III collagen fibers, demonstrating skin rejuvenation effects.

A double-blind study of 19 female participants using objective facial imaging found that argireline-containing serum applied twice daily showed measurable effects on skin surface wrinkles when compared to placebo-treated facial sides.

Research found that while argireline demonstrates anti-wrinkle efficacy up to 48% with 4 weeks of twice-daily treatment, its large molecular weight and hydrophilicity limit skin permeation, leading to investigations of molecular modifications to enhance absorption.

Cytotoxicity testing on multiple cell lines (HEK-293, IMR-32, and primary skin fibroblasts) using formazan-based assays found argireline to be relatively safe with minimal antiproliferative effects at tested concentrations.

Analysis of Google search trends from 2013-2023 showed substantial increases in public interest in argireline in 2022, with the peptide emerging as a cost-effective, over-the-counter alternative to botulinum neurotoxin treatments.

A retrospective study of 26 patients using gel cream containing 10% argireline demonstrated improved skin quality parameters including hydration, elasticity, and sebum production, with clinical improvement in masking skin imperfections.

A 3D-bioengineered skeletal muscle model demonstrated that argireline and other anti-aging compounds could be effectively tested for their effects on muscle tissue differentiation, functionality, and force generation in aging models.